Robert Caiazzo
Lille II University School of Medicine, France
Title: Early diagnosis and treatment of early leak after laparoscopic Roux en Y gastric bypass is the key point to avoid early mortality
Biography
Biography: Robert Caiazzo
Abstract
Background: Th e high mortality rate of postoperative leak is a major concern aft er Laparoscopic Roux en Y Gastric Bypass (LRYGB). We report in this study factors infl uencing the prognosis of such leaks. Methods: Th e data of patients aft er LRYGP has been analyzed from Lille Cohort Obesity Study from 2004 to 2012 for 824 patients. Data from patients initially operated in another centers and secondary transferred in our department for a suspected leak were retrospectively included in the analysis. Results: 36 patients experienced a postoperative leak (4,4%), most in patients operated in the early experience in our institution (6,1% before june 2009, 2,3% aft er). In the same period, 12 patients were transferred in our institution for treatment of anastomotic leak. Most of leaks were developed from the Gastro entero anastomosis (25/48, 59%), and (42/48, 88%) developed before day 4 post operative (D4PO). Patients with heart rate (HR)<100 bpm D1PO had <1% risk of peritonitis while risk of 50% in case of HR>120 bpm. All early leaks were managed surgically, half of them by full laparoscopic approach (23; 55%); most of late leaks treated by selective nonoperative management (4/6, 67%). No death occured in this study. Hospital stay was 32 ± 30 days, range from 5 to 123 days. Intensive care unit stay was required in 19 cases for multiorgan failure (median= 23 days, range 3-76). Leaks diagnosed and treated aft er D1PO had higher risk to developed a multiorgan failure (p<0,001). Only a delay oftreatment of more than 24 hours for surgery increased the risk of prolonged hospital stay (respectively 18±15 days vs 68 ± 37days, p<0,001). Hospital stay and ICU stay was correlated to the delay of surgical exploration (>24 hours) when an early leak occurred (both p<0,001, and respectively r=0,67 and r=0,75). Conclusion: Th e early diagnosis of a leak is essential in the fi rst day aft er LRYGBP. Easy laparoscopic reexploration for early diagnosis and treatment is an eff ective option. We assume that a laparoscopic reexamination should be concidered in case ofHR>120 bpm in the fi rst day post operative. Selective nonoperative management of leaks should be considered only aft er D4PO in selected patients.